常用Hash函数速度比较
结论
常见的这些Hash函数, 没有数量级上的差别, 当然这只是针对在长度为20000以内的字符串所得出的结论.
如果是对文件进行摘要, 请还是使用非可逆的Hash函数, 而不是crc / murmur 这类
crc的性能非常出色, 但是与murmur3的性能没有拉开差距, 由于其内置在标准库中, 因此可以直接使用, 推荐!
md5 / sha在string长度较小的情况下, 性能表现并不差, 如果对于可逆性有一定追求, 并且追求可能得更好的敛散性, 可以使用.
sha3-512 的性能约为crc的8倍, 如果调用频率较高时, 请注意可能会带来较高的CPU耗时.
测试脚本见文末.
Len(Key) = 20
goos: windows
goarch: amd64
pkg: hash_compare
cpu: 12th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-12700K
BenchmarkMD5
BenchmarkMD5-19 8822782 135.7 ns/op
BenchmarkSHA1
BenchmarkSHA1-19 8182909 145.1 ns/op
BenchmarkSHA256
BenchmarkSHA256-19 10178547 116.2 ns/op
BenchmarkSHA512
BenchmarkSHA512-19 4528038 267.6 ns/op
BenchmarkSHA3_256
BenchmarkSHA3_256-19 2184250 556.6 ns/op
BenchmarkSHA3_512
BenchmarkSHA3_512-19 2206112 541.4 ns/op
BenchmarkCRC32
BenchmarkCRC32-19 12400216 99.20 ns/op
BenchmarkCRC64
BenchmarkCRC64-19 15547041 78.54 ns/op
BenchmarkMurmur3_32
BenchmarkMurmur3_32-19 11555438 108.0 ns/op
BenchmarkMurmur3_128
BenchmarkMurmur3_128-19 9971091 115.9 ns/op
Len(Key) = 50
goos: windows
goarch: amd64
pkg: hash_compare
cpu: 12th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-12700K
BenchmarkMD5
BenchmarkMD5-19 6289884 192.0 ns/op
BenchmarkSHA1
BenchmarkSHA1-19 5622404 217.4 ns/op
BenchmarkSHA256
BenchmarkSHA256-19 6940231 174.1 ns/op
BenchmarkSHA512
BenchmarkSHA512-19 3849984 318.2 ns/op
BenchmarkSHA3_256
BenchmarkSHA3_256-19 2014849 593.4 ns/op
BenchmarkSHA3_512
BenchmarkSHA3_512-19 2100302 583.7 ns/op
BenchmarkCRC32
BenchmarkCRC32-19 8180628 147.6 ns/op
BenchmarkCRC64
BenchmarkCRC64-19 6771878 176.4 ns/op
BenchmarkMurmur3_32
BenchmarkMurmur3_32-19 6703288 161.6 ns/op
BenchmarkMurmur3_128
BenchmarkMurmur3_128-19 7424919 165.5 ns/op
Len(Key) = 100
goos: windows
goarch: amd64
pkg: hash_compare
cpu: 12th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-12700K
BenchmarkMD5
BenchmarkMD5-19 4070643 295.8 ns/op
BenchmarkSHA1
BenchmarkSHA1-19 3737098 315.4 ns/op
BenchmarkSHA256
BenchmarkSHA256-19 4678782 259.2 ns/op
BenchmarkSHA512
BenchmarkSHA512-19 3292449 365.5 ns/op
BenchmarkSHA3_256
BenchmarkSHA3_256-19 1956735 619.0 ns/op
BenchmarkSHA3_512
BenchmarkSHA3_512-19 1368730 904.4 ns/op
BenchmarkCRC32
BenchmarkCRC32-19 5888480 199.0 ns/op
BenchmarkCRC64
BenchmarkCRC64-19 6796117 179.5 ns/op
BenchmarkMurmur3_32
BenchmarkMurmur3_32-19 5414822 224.4 ns/op
BenchmarkMurmur3_128
BenchmarkMurmur3_128-19 5682339 217.3 ns/op
Len(Key) = 1000
goos: windows
goarch: amd64
pkg: hash_compare
cpu: 12th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-12700K
BenchmarkMD5
BenchmarkMD5-19 534554 2200 ns/op
BenchmarkSHA1
BenchmarkSHA1-19 623023 1999 ns/op
BenchmarkSHA256
BenchmarkSHA256-19 747392 1586 ns/op
BenchmarkSHA512
BenchmarkSHA512-19 551026 2339 ns/op
BenchmarkSHA3_256
BenchmarkSHA3_256-19 373495 3334 ns/op
BenchmarkSHA3_512
BenchmarkSHA3_512-19 254478 4723 ns/op
BenchmarkCRC32
BenchmarkCRC32-19 1000000 1187 ns/op
BenchmarkCRC64
BenchmarkCRC64-19 959308 1367 ns/op
BenchmarkMurmur3_32
BenchmarkMurmur3_32-19 839200 1434 ns/op
BenchmarkMurmur3_128
BenchmarkMurmur3_128-19 1000000 1233 ns/op
Len(Key) = 10000
goos: windows
goarch: amd64
pkg: hash_compare
cpu: 12th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-12700K
BenchmarkMD5
BenchmarkMD5-19 57900 20013 ns/op
BenchmarkSHA1
BenchmarkSHA1-19 66994 18038 ns/op
BenchmarkSHA256
BenchmarkSHA256-19 79039 15403 ns/op
BenchmarkSHA512
BenchmarkSHA512-19 55267 22265 ns/op
BenchmarkSHA3_256
BenchmarkSHA3_256-19 37862 29851 ns/op
BenchmarkSHA3_512
BenchmarkSHA3_512-19 26913 52982 ns/op
BenchmarkCRC32
BenchmarkCRC32-19 80836 15127 ns/op
BenchmarkCRC64
BenchmarkCRC64-19 66034 17882 ns/op
BenchmarkMurmur3_32
BenchmarkMurmur3_32-19 65836 17436 ns/op
BenchmarkMurmur3_128
BenchmarkMurmur3_128-19 105553 13862 ns/op
测试脚本
Hash Func
package hash_compare
import (
"crypto/md5"
"crypto/sha1"
"crypto/sha256"
"crypto/sha512"
"hash/crc32"
"hash/crc64"
"github.com/twmb/murmur3"
"golang.org/x/crypto/sha3"
)
func MD5(hash string) string {
h := md5.New()
h.Write([]byte(hash))
return string(h.Sum(nil))
}
func SHA1(hash string) string {
h := sha1.New()
h.Write([]byte(hash))
return string(h.Sum(nil))
}
func SHA256(hash string) string {
h := sha256.New()
h.Write([]byte(hash))
return string(h.Sum(nil))
}
func SHA512(hash string) string {
h := sha512.New()
h.Write([]byte(hash))
return string(h.Sum(nil))
}
func SHA3_256(hash string) string {
sha3.New256()
h := sha3.New256()
h.Write([]byte(hash))
return string(h.Sum(nil))
}
func SHA3_512(hash string) string {
h := sha3.New512()
h.Write([]byte(hash))
return string(h.Sum(nil))
}
func Murmur3_32(hash string) string {
h := murmur3.New32()
_, _ = h.Write([]byte(hash))
return string(h.Sum(nil))
}
func Murmur3_128(hash string) string {
h := murmur3.New128()
_, _ = h.Write([]byte(hash))
return string(h.Sum(nil))
}
func CRC32(hash string) string {
h := crc32.New(crc32.IEEETable)
_, _ = h.Write([]byte(hash))
return string(h.Sum(nil))
}
func CRC64(hash string) string {
h := crc64.New(crc64.MakeTable(crc64.ISO))
_, _ = h.Write([]byte(hash))
return string(h.Sum(nil))
}
Bench Script
package hash_compare
import "testing"
var length = 10000
func randomString(length int) string {
const charset = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789"
b := make([]byte, length)
for i := range b {
b[i] = charset[i%len(charset)]
}
return string(b)
}
func BenchmarkMD5(b *testing.B) {
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
MD5(randomString(length))
}
}
func BenchmarkSHA1(b *testing.B) {
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
SHA1(randomString(length))
}
}
func BenchmarkSHA256(b *testing.B) {
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
SHA256(randomString(length))
}
}
func BenchmarkSHA512(b *testing.B) {
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
SHA512(randomString(length))
}
}
func BenchmarkSHA3_256(b *testing.B) {
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
SHA3_256(randomString(length))
}
}
func BenchmarkSHA3_512(b *testing.B) {
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
SHA3_512(randomString(length))
}
}
func BenchmarkCRC32(b *testing.B) {
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
CRC32(randomString(length))
}
}
func BenchmarkCRC64(b *testing.B) {
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
CRC64(randomString(length))
}
}
func BenchmarkMurmur3_32(b *testing.B) {
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
Murmur3_32(randomString(length))
}
}
func BenchmarkMurmur3_128(b *testing.B) {
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
Murmur3_128(randomString(length))
}
}